Klaris Ingredient Atlas
Last Updated · 11 October 2026Cosmetic Ingredients,
in Plain English.
We read what Latin names on labels mean, their roles in formulas and which skin and hair profiles they suit, together. The Atlas now has 128 entries across 10 ingredient families. Explore their functions and review the source links provided on each page separately.
128 ingredients. Type to search.
i. Section
Vitamins · 17 Ingredients
Vitamin derivatives and forms, especially the B, C and A groups. Different forms of the same vitamin change its stability and how it is read.
B Vitamin
01Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
INCI · Niacinamide
What is niacinamide (vitamin B3), how does it work in cosmetic formulas, and which skin profiles does it suit? A measured assessment from Klaris.
2% - 10% (common in cosmetic formulas)
B Vitamin
02Biotin (Vitamin B7)
INCI · Biotin
What is biotin (vitamin B7), what does it really do in cosmetic formulas, and how should you read it on hair and skin care labels? A measured Klaris guide.
0.01% - 0.6% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Vitamin-Like Antioxidant
03Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone)
INCI · Ubiquinone
What is coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone)? Its role in cellular energy and antioxidant activity, and what it means in cosmetic formulas. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.05% - 1% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Vitamin-Like Antioxidant (CoQ10 Analogue)
04Idebenone
INCI · Idebenone
What is idebenone? Its antioxidant role as a coenzyme Q10 analogue and its place in cosmetics. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 1% (in premium antioxidant formulas)
Vitamin A Derivative
05Retinol (Vitamin A Derivative)
INCI · Retinol
What is retinol? Its role in cosmetic formulation, the rationale for moderate concentrations and compatibility with different profiles. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 1% (common range in cosmetic formulas)
Ingredient
06Vitamin C
INCI · Ascorbic Acid
What is vitamin C (ascorbic acid)? Explore its different forms, stability and suitability for different profiles in the Klaris ingredient guide.
5% - 20% (depending on the form and formulation conditions)
Soothing Agent + Humectant
07Panthenol (Provitamin B5)
INCI · Panthenol
Panthenol (provitamin B5) provides moisture support in skin and hair care. Explore dexpanthenol research, its INCI name and the limits of cosmetic use.
Varies with raw-material form and the finished product
Ingredient
08Vitamin E
INCI · Tocopherol
What is vitamin E (tocopherol)? Explore its antioxidant role in formulations and its suitability for different profiles in the Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 1%
Ingredient
09Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E Ester)
INCI · Tocopheryl Acetate
What is Tocopheryl Acetate? How does vitamin E acetate differ from free tocopherol, and why is it so common on labels? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 1% (depending on the formulation context)
Vitamin A Derivative (Potent Intermediate)
10Retinaldehyde (Retinal)
INCI · Retinal
What is retinaldehyde (retinal)? Its comparison with retinol, the rationale for moderate concentrations and profile compatibility. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.05% - 0.1% (common in cosmetic formulas)
New-Generation Retinoid Ester
11Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (HPR)
INCI · Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate
What is Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (HPR), and how should this new-generation retinoid ester be read with restraint? A Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentration (generally 0.1% - 1%, on a complex basis)
Vitamin A Ester
12Retinyl Palmitate (Vitamin A Ester)
INCI · Retinyl Palmitate
Retinyl palmitate is the ester of retinol and palmitic acid. Learn how it differs from retinol, its cosmetic role and the limits of ingredient claims.
Assessed by product category and applicable regulation
Vitamin A Ester
13Retinyl Propionate (Vitamin A Ester)
INCI · Retinyl Propionate
What is Retinyl Propionate, and how does this vitamin A ester compare with retinol? A measured Klaris guide.
Low-to-medium concentration (depending on formula context)
B Vitamin
14Pyridoxine HCl (Vitamin B6)
INCI · Pyridoxine HCl
What does Pyridoxine HCl (vitamin B6) do in cosmetics, and how is it read for the appearance of sebum balance? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentration (common in cosmetic formulas)
Vitamin C Derivative (Stable, Water-Soluble)
15Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate (Vitamin C Derivative)
INCI · Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
What is Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate (SAP), and how should this stable, water-soluble vitamin C derivative be read? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 5% (depending on formula context)
Vitamin C Derivative (Fat-Soluble)
16Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (Fat-Soluble Vitamin C Derivative)
INCI · Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate
What is Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (THD ascorbate), and how should this stable, fat-soluble vitamin C derivative be read? A Klaris guide.
1% - 10% (depending on formula context)
Ingredient
17Ascorbyl Glucoside
INCI · Ascorbyl Glucoside
What does Ascorbyl Glucoside do? Explore this stable, glucose-bound vitamin C derivative and its antioxidant and tone-appearance context in the Klaris guide.
2% - 5% (depending on the formulation context)
ii. Section
Acids · 15 Ingredients
Exfoliating AHAs, BHAs and PHAs, and other functional acids. An acid's effect is read alongside pH, the free-acid proportion and the whole formula.
NMF Humectant
01Sodium Lactate
INCI · Sodium Lactate
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid. Learn its humectant and buffering roles, NMF context and why it is not simply a lactic acid peel.
Varies by formula; distinguish raw-material solution from active amount
Ingredient
02Salicylic Acid (BHA)
INCI · Salicylic Acid
What is salicylic acid (BHA)? Explore how it reaches pores, its measured concentration range and profile suitability in the Klaris ingredient guide.
EU maximum concentrations: rinse-off hair products 3%; specified categories 0.5%; other permitted products 2%. Use as a preservative: 0.5%.
Ingredient
03Azelaic Acid
INCI · Azelaic Acid
What is azelaic acid? Explore its formulation role, suitability for sensitive profiles and measured concentrations in the Klaris ingredient guide.
5% - 10% (common in cosmetics)
Ingredient
04Glycolic Acid (AHA)
INCI · Glycolic Acid
What is glycolic acid (AHA)? Explore the significance of its small molecular size and its suitability for different profiles in the Klaris ingredient guide.
5% - 10% (common in cosmetics)
Ingredient
05Lactic Acid (AHA)
INCI · Lactic Acid
What is lactic acid (AHA)? Explore its differences from glycolic acid, humectant properties and profile suitability in the Klaris ingredient guide.
5% - 10% (common in cosmetics)
Ingredient
06Mandelic Acid (AHA)
INCI · Mandelic Acid
What is mandelic acid? Explore how its large molecular size gives it a gentle AHA profile and which profiles it may suit in the Klaris guide.
5% - 10%
Ingredient
07Ferulic Acid
INCI · Ferulic Acid
What is ferulic acid? Explore its synergy with vitamins C and E, its formulation role and its suitability for different profiles in the Klaris guide.
0.5% - 1%
Ingredient
08PHA (Polyhydroxy Acid)
INCI · Gluconolactone
What are PHAs (polyhydroxy acids, including gluconolactone)? Explore their gentler profile compared with AHAs/BHAs and who they may suit in the Klaris guide.
4% - 10%
Ingredient
09Malic Acid
INCI · Malic Acid
What is Malic Acid, how is it considered within the AHA family, and why is it often used in blends? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (in AHA blends, pH-dependent)
Ingredient
10Citric Acid
INCI · Citric Acid
What is Citric Acid, and why is it usually considered a pH adjuster rather than an exfoliant? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentrations for pH adjustment; higher in an exfoliating context (pH-dependent)
Ingredient
11Tartaric Acid
INCI · Tartaric Acid
What is Tartaric Acid, and how is it considered within the AHA family and in pH buffering? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (in AHA blends, pH-dependent)
Ingredient
12Capryloyl Salicylic Acid (LHA)
INCI · Capryloyl Salicylic Acid
What is Capryloyl Salicylic Acid (LHA)? Explore this oil-loving salicylic acid derivative and its pore-related context in the Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentrations (generally 0.1% - 2%)
Ingredient
13Succinic Acid
INCI · Succinic Acid
What is Succinic Acid, and how can its role in blemish and pore appearance be considered with appropriate limits? The Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (depending on the formulation context)
Ingredient
14Phytic Acid
INCI · Phytic Acid
What is Phytic Acid, and how is it considered as a gentle exfoliant and chelator in relation to tone appearance? The Klaris ingredient guide.
Low to moderate concentrations (exfoliant and chelator context, pH-dependent)
Ingredient
15Pyruvic Acid
INCI · Pyruvic Acid
What is Pyruvic Acid, and how can this potent alpha-keto acid be considered with appropriate limits and context? The Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentrations in care products (high concentrations in specialist or clinical use, pH-dependent)
iii. Section
Humectants · 19 Ingredients
Humectants that draw water to the skin and ingredients that balance moisture. A moisturiser is not one ingredient, but the overall balance of humectants, emollients and occlusives.
Humectant
01Hyaluronic Acid
INCI · Sodium Hyaluronate
What is hyaluronic acid? Its formulation role, differences in molecular weight and compatibility with different profiles. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 2% (dependent on molecular weight and form)
Classic Humectant
02Glycerin (Glycerol)
INCI · Glycerin
Glycerin is a humectant that helps retain water in skin-care formulas. Explore hydration evidence, label interpretation and its role in a complete product.
Varies by formula type; list position does not give a percentage
Modern Humectant
03Propanediol (1,3-Propanediol)
INCI · Propanediol
What is propanediol, how is it positioned as an alternative to propylene glycol, and what is its role in cosmetics? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 20% (depending on formula type)
Multipurpose Carrier + Humectant
04Butylene Glycol (1,3-Butanediol)
INCI · Butylene Glycol
What is butylene glycol, and how does this common multipurpose cosmetic ingredient work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
3% - 15% (depending on formula type)
NMF (Natural Moisturising Factor)
05Sodium PCA (Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid)
INCI · Sodium PCA
What is sodium PCA, and how does this major component of the natural moisturising factor (NMF) work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.2% - 2% (common in cosmetic formulas)
NMF Humectant
06Sodium Lactate
INCI · Sodium Lactate
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid. Learn its humectant and buffering roles, NMF context and why it is not simply a lactic acid peel.
Varies by formula; distinguish raw-material solution from active amount
Osmolyte Humectant
07Betaine
INCI · Betaine
What is betaine (trimethylglycine), and how does this plant-derived osmolyte humectant work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 5% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Disaccharide Humectant
08Trehalose
INCI · Trehalose
Trehalose is a sugar used as a humectant in cosmetics. Learn its INCI name, skin-care role and why cell studies do not prove finished-product benefits.
Depends on the raw material and formula purpose
Sugar Alcohol Humectant
09Sorbitol (Glucitol)
INCI · Sorbitol
What is sorbitol, and how does this sugar alcohol humectant work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (depending on formula type)
High-Molecular-Weight Humectant
10Polyglutamic Acid (γ-PGA)
INCI · Polyglutamic Acid
What is polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), the high-molecular-weight humectant from Japanese natto fermentation? A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 2% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Botanical Humectant + Soothing Support
11Aloe Vera (Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice)
INCI · Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
What is aloe vera (Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice), and how does its dual humectant and soothing profile work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 20% (depending on formula type); may be 50%+ as a water base
Natural Humectant + Soothing Support
12Honey Extract (Mel Extract)
INCI · Mel Extract
What is honey extract (Mel Extract), and how does its natural humectant and antimicrobial profile work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (depending on formula type)
K-Beauty Mucin Humectant
13Snail Secretion Filtrate (Cryptomphalus aspersa)
INCI · Snail Secretion Filtrate
What is snail secretion filtrate, and how does this mainstream K-Beauty repair-supporting ingredient work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 96% (depending on formula type)
NMF Monosaccharide Humectant
14Glucose
INCI · Glucose
What is glucose, and how does this simple sugar humectant work within the NMF system? A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 3% (common in NMF complex formulas)
Carbohydrate Humectant
15Saccharide Isomerate (Pentavitin)
INCI · Saccharide Isomerate
What is saccharide isomerate in skin care? Its humectant role, the Pentavitin trade name and the limits of long-lasting hydration claims.
Depends on the raw material and finished formula
Gentle Soothing Agent
16Allantoin
INCI · Allantoin
What is allantoin? Its soothing role in formulas and the profiles it may suit. The Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 2%
Ingredient
17Lactic Acid (AHA)
INCI · Lactic Acid
What is lactic acid (AHA)? Explore its differences from glycolic acid, humectant properties and profile suitability in the Klaris ingredient guide.
5% - 10% (common in cosmetics)
Humectant + Surface Turnover Signals
18Urea
INCI · Urea
What is urea? Low-concentration moisture support, high-concentration surface turnover signals and compatibility with different profiles. A Klaris guide.
2% - 20% (depending on the cosmetic purpose)
Botanical Humectant
19Snow Mushroom (Tremella Fuciformis)
INCI · Tremella Fuciformis Extract
What does snow mushroom (Tremella Fuciformis) do? A polysaccharide-rich botanical humectant with high water retention, and a measured reading of "plant hyaluronic" messaging. A Klaris guide.
0.1% - 5% (depending on extract concentration)
iv. Section
Soothing Ingredients · 19 Ingredients
Ingredients discussed in relation to the appearance of comfort and balance. 'Soothing' is not a promise, but a context considered within the whole formula.
Botanical Humectant + Soothing Support
01Aloe Vera (Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice)
INCI · Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
What is aloe vera (Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice), and how does its dual humectant and soothing profile work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 20% (depending on formula type); may be 50%+ as a water base
Natural Humectant + Soothing Support
02Honey Extract (Mel Extract)
INCI · Mel Extract
What is honey extract (Mel Extract), and how does its natural humectant and antimicrobial profile work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (depending on formula type)
K-Beauty Mucin Humectant
03Snail Secretion Filtrate (Cryptomphalus aspersa)
INCI · Snail Secretion Filtrate
What is snail secretion filtrate, and how does this mainstream K-Beauty repair-supporting ingredient work? A Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 96% (depending on formula type)
Soothing Agent + Humectant
04Panthenol (Provitamin B5)
INCI · Panthenol
Panthenol (provitamin B5) provides moisture support in skin and hair care. Explore dexpanthenol research, its INCI name and the limits of cosmetic use.
Varies with raw-material form and the finished product
Botanical Soothing Agent
05Centella Asiatica (Cica)
INCI · Centella Asiatica Extract
What is Centella asiatica (cica)? Its soothing role in formulas and the profiles it may suit. The Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 2% (extract-based, dependent on standardisation)
Gentle Soothing Agent
06Allantoin
INCI · Allantoin
What is allantoin? Its soothing role in formulas and the profiles it may suit. The Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 2%
Botanical Antioxidant + Soothing Agent
07Green Tea Extract
INCI · Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
What is green tea extract? Its antioxidant and soothing roles, its relationship with EGCG and the profiles it may suit. The Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 2% (extract-based)
Essential Oil With Antimicrobial Signals
08Tea Tree Oil
INCI · Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil
What is tea tree oil (Melaleuca)? Its antimicrobial signals, the rationale for measured doses and the profiles it may suit. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5%
Soothing Agent (Chamomile-Derived)
09Bisabolol
INCI · Bisabolol
What does bisabolol do in cosmetics, and which profiles may suit this chamomile-derived soothing ingredient? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low dose (generally 0.1% - 1%)
Liquorice-Derived Soothing Agent
10Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate (Liquorice)
INCI · Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate
What does Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, a liquorice-root derivative, do as a cosmetic soothing agent? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low dose (generally 0.1% - 2%)
Liquorice Root (Soothing + Tone)
11Liquorice Root Extract
INCI · Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
What does liquorice-root extract (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) do in cosmetics, and how is it assessed for soothing and tone appearance? A Klaris guide.
Low dose (extract-based, dependent on standardisation)
Oat-Derived Soothing Agent
12Oat Extract (Colloidal)
INCI · Avena Sativa Kernel Extract
What do oat extract and colloidal oatmeal (Avena Sativa) do in cosmetics, and how are they assessed for sensitive, dry skin? The Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 5% (depending on formula type)
Soothing and Moisturising Polysaccharide
13Beta-Glucan
INCI · Beta-Glucan
What does beta-glucan do in cosmetics, and how is it assessed for soothing and a moisturised appearance? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low dose (generally 0.1% - 2%)
Soothing and Moisture-Protecting Molecule
14Ectoin
INCI · Ectoin
What does ectoin do in cosmetics, and how is it assessed for soothing and the appearance of moisture protection? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low dose (generally 0.5% - 2%)
Care for an Oily Appearance
15Zinc PCA
INCI · Zinc PCA
Zinc PCA is the zinc salt of the amino acid derivative PCA. Explore its role in oily-skin and hair care, study limitations and its INCI label.
1% in the supplier study; not a universal usage recommendation
Ingredient
16Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate
INCI · Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate
What does Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate do? Explore the antioxidant, tone and comfort context of this yeast-ferment essence ingredient in K-beauty. The Klaris guide.
Varies with formulation context (may form a high-percentage base in essences)
Postbiotic Ferment and Barrier
17Bifida Ferment Lysate
INCI · Bifida Ferment Lysate
What does Bifida Ferment Lysate do? Barrier comfort, the appearance of recovery after environmental stress and its postbiotic context. A Klaris guide.
Varies with formula context
Ingredient
18Propolis Extract
INCI · Propolis Extract
What does Propolis Extract do? Explore bee-produced resin, flavonoids, antioxidant and soothing-appearance contexts, and bee-product sensitivity in the Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on the extract context)
Soothing Botanical
19Houttuynia Cordata (Heartleaf)
INCI · Houttuynia Cordata Extract
What does Houttuynia cordata (heartleaf) do? A soothing K-beauty botanical, its flavonoids, skin comfort and sebum appearance. A Klaris guide.
1% - 75% (including very high proportions in essence formats)
v. Section
Oils and Lipids · 15 Ingredients
Barrier lipids, plant oils and emollients. An oil's suitability for a profile is read alongside its fatty-acid profile and texture.
Barrier Lipid
01Ceramides
INCI · Ceramide NP
What are ceramides? Their role in the skin barrier and the profiles they may suit. The Klaris ingredient guide.
Typically a low % (dependent on the formula and blend)
Lightweight Lipid
02Squalane
INCI · Squalane
What is squalane? Its oxidation-resistant structure and the profiles it may suit. The Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 100% (as a pure oil or formula component)
Barrier Lipid
03Cholesterol (Barrier Lipid)
INCI · Cholesterol
What does cholesterol do as a barrier lipid in cosmetics, and how is it assessed alongside ceramides and fatty acids? A measured Klaris guide.
0.1% - 2% (common in barrier formulas)
Lightweight Emollient Lipid
04Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
INCI · Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
What does Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (MCT) do as a lightweight emollient and carrier in cosmetics, and where is it used? The Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 15% (depending on role and texture)
Botanical Emollient
05Jojoba Oil
INCI · Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil
What does jojoba oil (Simmondsia Chinensis) do in cosmetics, why is its wax ester structure different, and which profiles may suit it? A Klaris guide.
1% - 100% (depending on product type)
Botanical Emollient
06Argan Oil
INCI · Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
What does argan oil (Argania Spinosa) do in cosmetics, how is its fatty acid profile assessed, and which profiles may suit it? A measured Klaris guide.
1% - 100% (depending on product type)
Rich Emollient Butter
07Shea Butter (Karite)
INCI · Butyrospermum Parkii Butter
What does shea butter (Butyrospermum Parkii / karite) do in cosmetics, and which profiles suit its rich texture? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 100% (depending on product type)
Linoleic-Rich Botanical Oil
08Sunflower Oil
INCI · Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil
What does sunflower oil (Helianthus Annuus) do in cosmetics, and why is its linoleic-rich profile considered barrier-friendly? A Klaris guide.
1% - 100% (depending on product type)
Botanical Oil
09Rosehip Oil
INCI · Rosa Canina Fruit Oil
What does rosehip oil (Rosa Canina) do in cosmetics? Understanding its fatty acid profile and skin-tone appearance claims. A measured Klaris guide.
1% - 100% (depending on product type)
Rich Botanical Oil
10Coconut Oil
INCI · Cocos Nucifera Oil
What does coconut oil (Cocos Nucifera) do in cosmetics, and why is it assessed contextually for comedone-prone profiles? A measured Klaris guide.
1% - 100% (depending on product type)
Occlusive Lipid
11Mineral Oil
INCI · Paraffinum Liquidum
What does mineral oil (Paraffinum Liquidum) do as a cosmetic occlusive, and how can its surrounding debates be assessed with restraint? A Klaris guide.
1% - 30% (depending on product type)
Essential Fatty Acid
12Linoleic Acid (Omega-6)
INCI · Linoleic Acid
What does linoleic acid (omega-6) do for the skin barrier, and why is it considered a barrier-friendly fatty acid? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Varies with the oil source (formula-dependent)
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid
13Oleic Acid (Omega-9)
INCI · Oleic Acid
What does oleic acid (omega-9) do in cosmetic oils, and why is it considered in terms of richness and congestion? A measured Klaris guide.
Varies with the oil source (formula-dependent)
Sphingoid Barrier Lipid
14Phytosphingosine
INCI · Phytosphingosine
What does phytosphingosine do as a cosmetic barrier lipid, and how is it assessed alongside ceramides? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
0.01% - 0.5% (common in barrier formulas)
Phospholipid Emulsifier
15Lecithin (Phospholipid)
INCI · Lecithin
What does lecithin do as a cosmetic emulsifier and carrier, and how should liposome claims be understood? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on role)
vi. Section
Antioxidants · 23 Ingredients
Ingredients discussed in the context of the visible effects of oxidative stress. Rather than a blanket claim of 'protection', they are read through formula stability and the balance of supporting antioxidants.
Vitamin-Like Antioxidant
01Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone)
INCI · Ubiquinone
What is coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone)? Its role in cellular energy and antioxidant activity, and what it means in cosmetic formulas. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.05% - 1% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Vitamin-Like Antioxidant (CoQ10 Analogue)
02Idebenone
INCI · Idebenone
What is idebenone? Its antioxidant role as a coenzyme Q10 analogue and its place in cosmetics. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 1% (in premium antioxidant formulas)
Ingredient
03Vitamin C
INCI · Ascorbic Acid
What is vitamin C (ascorbic acid)? Explore its different forms, stability and suitability for different profiles in the Klaris ingredient guide.
5% - 20% (depending on the form and formulation conditions)
Ingredient
04Caffeine
INCI · Caffeine
What is caffeine? Explore its role in eye and body care and its suitability for different profiles in the Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 3%
Ingredient
05Vitamin E
INCI · Tocopherol
What is vitamin E (tocopherol)? Explore its antioxidant role in formulations and its suitability for different profiles in the Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 1%
Ingredient
06Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E Ester)
INCI · Tocopheryl Acetate
What is Tocopheryl Acetate? How does vitamin E acetate differ from free tocopherol, and why is it so common on labels? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 1% (depending on the formulation context)
Ingredient
07Arbutin
INCI · Arbutin
What is arbutin? Explore its potential for even-looking tone, how it differs from hydroquinone and which profiles it may suit in the Klaris guide.
1% - 2% (common for alpha-arbutin)
Ingredient
08Tranexamic Acid
INCI · Tranexamic Acid
What is tranexamic acid? Explore its potential for even-looking tone, its place in melasma approaches and profile suitability in the Klaris guide.
2% - 5% (common in topical cosmetic formulas)
Ingredient
09Ferulic Acid
INCI · Ferulic Acid
What is ferulic acid? Explore its synergy with vitamins C and E, its formulation role and its suitability for different profiles in the Klaris guide.
0.5% - 1%
Ingredient
10Resveratrol
INCI · Resveratrol
What is resveratrol, the polyphenol antioxidant found in grape skins? Explore its formulation role and suitability for different profiles in the Klaris guide.
0.5% - 1%
Ingredient
11Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)
INCI · Epigallocatechin Gallate
What is Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), and what does it do? Explore green tea's main catechin antioxidant and how it differs from the extract in the Klaris guide.
Low concentrations (in purified form, depending on the formulation context)
Ingredient
12Glutathione
INCI · Glutathione
What does Glutathione do in cosmetics? Explore tone-appearance claims with appropriate limits and the topical/oral distinction in the Klaris guide.
Low concentrations (dependent on stability)
Ingredient
13Alpha-Lipoic Acid
INCI · Thioctic Acid
What does Alpha-Lipoic Acid do in cosmetics, and how is it considered as an antioxidant soluble in both water and oil? The Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentrations (generally 0.5% - 5%)
Ingredient
14Astaxanthin
INCI · Astaxanthin
What does Astaxanthin do in cosmetics, and how is this red carotenoid antioxidant considered? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentrations (based on the complex)
Ingredient
15Ergothioneine
INCI · Ergothioneine
What does Ergothioneine do in cosmetics, and how is it considered as a stable antioxidant? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentrations (depending on the formulation context)
Ingredient
16Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
INCI · Superoxide Dismutase
What does Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) do in cosmetics, and how is this antioxidant enzyme considered in relation to stability? The Klaris guide.
Low concentrations (enzyme activity depends on stability)
Ingredient
17Pine Bark Extract
INCI · Pinus Pinaster Bark Extract
What does pine bark extract (Pinus Pinaster / Pycnogenol) do in cosmetics, and how is it considered as a polyphenol antioxidant? The Klaris guide.
Low concentrations (extract-based, dependent on standardisation)
Ingredient
18Carnosine
INCI · Carnosine
What does Carnosine do in cosmetics, and how is it considered in anti-glycation and antioxidant appearance contexts? A measured Klaris guide.
Low concentrations (depending on the formulation context)
Ingredient
19Kojic Acid
INCI · Kojic Acid
What does Kojic Acid do? Explore tone appearance, tyrosinase, sensitivity and a measured view of dark spot-removal claims in the Klaris guide.
1% - 2% (typical in a cosmetic context)
Ingredient
20Ascorbyl Glucoside
INCI · Ascorbyl Glucoside
What does Ascorbyl Glucoside do? Explore this stable, glucose-bound vitamin C derivative and its antioxidant and tone-appearance context in the Klaris guide.
2% - 5% (depending on the formulation context)
Ingredient
21Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate
INCI · Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate
What does Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate do? Explore the antioxidant, tone and comfort context of this yeast-ferment essence ingredient in K-beauty. The Klaris guide.
Varies with formulation context (may form a high-percentage base in essences)
Ingredient
22Propolis Extract
INCI · Propolis Extract
What does Propolis Extract do? Explore bee-produced resin, flavonoids, antioxidant and soothing-appearance contexts, and bee-product sensitivity in the Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on the extract context)
Soothing Botanical
23Houttuynia Cordata (Heartleaf)
INCI · Houttuynia Cordata Extract
What does Houttuynia cordata (heartleaf) do? A soothing K-beauty botanical, its flavonoids, skin comfort and sebum appearance. A Klaris guide.
1% - 75% (including very high proportions in essence formats)
vii. Section
Renewal Ingredients · 14 Ingredients
Ingredients working in the context of surface renewal and the appearance of texture. This family calls for particularly careful reading: cosmetic context, not medical claims.
Vitamin A Derivative
01Retinol (Vitamin A Derivative)
INCI · Retinol
What is retinol? Its role in cosmetic formulation, the rationale for moderate concentrations and compatibility with different profiles. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.1% - 1% (common range in cosmetic formulas)
Signalling Amino Acid Chains
02Peptides
INCI · Peptides
What are peptides, what is their role in cosmetic formulation, and which profiles do they suit? A Klaris ingredient guide.
Variable (generally low percentages, formula-dependent)
Vitamin A Derivative (Potent Intermediate)
03Retinaldehyde (Retinal)
INCI · Retinal
What is retinaldehyde (retinal)? Its comparison with retinol, the rationale for moderate concentrations and profile compatibility. A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.05% - 0.1% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Botanical Renewal Support
04Bakuchiol
INCI · Bakuchiol
What is bakuchiol, how is it positioned as a retinol alternative, and which profiles does it suit? A Klaris ingredient guide.
0.5% - 1% (common in cosmetic formulas)
Renewal Signalling Ingredient
05Adenosine
INCI · Adenosine
What does adenosine do in cosmetics, and why is it read in the context of fine-line appearance and surface comfort? A measured Klaris guide.
Low concentration (generally 0.04% - 0.1%)
Copper-Bound Signal Peptide
06Copper Peptide (GHK-Cu)
INCI · Copper Tripeptide-1
What does Copper Tripeptide-1 (copper peptide / GHK-Cu) do in cosmetics, and how should this signal peptide be read with restraint? A Klaris guide.
Low concentration (on a complex basis, often 0.1% - 2%)
Signal (Matrikine) Peptide
07Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1
INCI · Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1
What does Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 do in cosmetics, and how should this matrikine signal peptide be read with restraint? A Klaris ingredient guide.
Very low concentration (on a complex basis, often ppm levels)
Signal (Matrikine) Peptide
08Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4
INCI · Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4
What does Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 do in cosmetics, and how should this classic matrikine peptide be read? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Very low concentration (on a complex basis, often ppm levels)
Signal Peptide
09Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7
INCI · Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7
What does Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 do in cosmetics, and how is it read for surface comfort and texture appearance? A measured Klaris guide.
Very low concentration (on a complex basis, often ppm levels)
Expression-Line Peptide
10Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 (Argireline)
INCI · Acetyl Hexapeptide-8
What does Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 (Argireline) do in cosmetics, and how should "Botox-like" messaging be read with restraint? A Klaris ingredient guide.
Often 5% - 10% as a solution (pure peptide content is much lower)
Amino Sugar (Surface Renewal)
11N-Acetyl Glucosamine
INCI · Acetyl Glucosamine
What does N-Acetyl Glucosamine (NAG) do in cosmetics, and how is it read for tone and surface appearance? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (common in cosmetic formulas)
New-Generation Retinoid Ester
12Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (HPR)
INCI · Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate
What is Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (HPR), and how should this new-generation retinoid ester be read with restraint? A Klaris ingredient guide.
Low concentration (generally 0.1% - 1%, on a complex basis)
Vitamin A Ester
13Retinyl Palmitate (Vitamin A Ester)
INCI · Retinyl Palmitate
Retinyl palmitate is the ester of retinol and palmitic acid. Learn how it differs from retinol, its cosmetic role and the limits of ingredient claims.
Assessed by product category and applicable regulation
Vitamin A Ester
14Retinyl Propionate (Vitamin A Ester)
INCI · Retinyl Propionate
What is Retinyl Propionate, and how does this vitamin A ester compare with retinol? A measured Klaris guide.
Low-to-medium concentration (depending on formula context)
viii. Section
Conditioning Ingredients · 7 Ingredients
Cationic conditioners and silicones that adhere to strands, forming the foundation of softness, detangling and antistatic care. Conditioning is not one ingredient, but the combination of charge, concentration and the cleansing system.
Cationic Conditioner
01Behentrimonium Methosulfate (BTMS)
INCI · Behentrimonium Methosulfate
What does Behentrimonium Methosulfate (BTMS) do in hair conditioners? Its cationic slip and detangling roles, assessed with restraint. A Klaris guide.
1% - 7% (depending on product type)
Cationic Conditioner
02Cetrimonium Chloride
INCI · Cetrimonium Chloride
What does Cetrimonium Chloride do in hair products? A measured look at its antistatic, detangling and conditioning roles. A Klaris guide.
Up to ~10% in rinse-off products; ~0.25-1% in leave-on products (CIR context)
Hair-Adhering Conditioning Silicone
03Amodimethicone (Amino Silicone)
INCI · Amodimethicone
What does amodimethicone do in hair care? Smoothness and shine from an amino silicone that adheres to hair, and the build-up context. A Klaris guide.
Low dose (generally in an emulsion, below 1% active)
Cationic Conditioning Polymer
04Polyquaternium-10 (Cationic Cellulose)
INCI · Polyquaternium-10
What does Polyquaternium-10 do in hair products? A measured look at the antistatic and conditioning roles of this hair-adhering cellulose polymer. A Klaris guide.
0.1% - 1% (depending on formula context)
Plant-Derived Cationic Conditioning Polymer
05Cationic Guar (Guar Derivative)
INCI · Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride
What does Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride (cationic guar) do in hair products? Its plant-derived conditioning and detangling roles. A Klaris guide.
0.1% - 1% (depending on formula context)
Amine-Based Conditioning Agent
06Stearamidopropyl Dimethylamine (Fatty Acid Amine)
INCI · Stearamidopropyl Dimethylamine
What does Stearamidopropyl Dimethylamine do in hair conditioners? Its acid-activated amine-based role and the quat-free context. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 3% (depending on formula context)
Linear Silicone
07Dimethicone
INCI · Dimethicone
What does dimethicone do in skin and hair care? Smooth film, slip and a measured look at whether silicones clog pores. A Klaris guide.
1% - 15% (depending on product type and desired feel)
ix. Section
Proteins · 6 Ingredients
Hydrolysed proteins, including keratin, collagen and wheat. They provide a surface film, moisture and temporary body on hair and skin; their effects are superficial and temporary, not 'permanent repair'.
Surface Film and Moisture Protein
01Hydrolysed Collagen
INCI · Hydrolyzed Collagen
What does Hydrolyzed Collagen really do in cosmetics? Its surface film and moisture roles and a measured reading of the collagen-building myth. A Klaris guide.
0.1% - 5% (depending on formula context)
Surface Film and Hair Protein
02Hydrolysed Keratin
INCI · Hydrolyzed Keratin
What does hydrolysed keratin do in hair care? Surface film, smoothness, temporary body and a measured reading of the permanent-repair myth. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on formula context)
Surface Film and Moisture Protein
03Hydrolysed Wheat Protein
INCI · Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
What does hydrolysed wheat protein do in hair care? Moisture-film balance, temporary body and a measured assessment. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on formula context)
Surface Film and Silk Protein
04Hydrolysed Silk
INCI · Hydrolyzed Silk
What does hydrolysed silk do in skin and hair care? A measured look at its surface-film, smoothness and moisture-feel roles. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 3% (depending on formula context)
Surface Film and Plant Protein
05Hydrolysed Soy Protein
INCI · Hydrolyzed Soy Protein
What does hydrolysed soy protein do in skin and hair care? Moisture-film balance, body appearance and a measured assessment. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on formula context)
Surface Film and Plant Protein
06Hydrolysed Rice Protein
INCI · Hydrolyzed Rice Protein
What does hydrolysed rice protein do in hair care? Surface film, the appearance of body and fullness, and a measured assessment. A Klaris guide.
0.5% - 5% (depending on formula context)
x. Section
UV Filters · 15 Ingredients
Sun filters, both mineral and organic. Spectrum, photostability and the regulatory framework matter more than a simple 'mineral or chemical' distinction.
Mineral (Physical) UV Filter
01Zinc Oxide (Mineral UV Filter)
INCI · Zinc Oxide
What is zinc oxide? How this mineral UV filter works, its low-irritation context and the profiles it may suit. A Klaris guide.
5% - 25% (depending on SPF)
Mineral (Physical) UV Filter
02Titanium Dioxide (Mineral UV Filter)
INCI · Titanium Dioxide
What is titanium dioxide? How it differs from zinc oxide, its role in mineral SPF and the profiles it may suit. A Klaris guide.
2% - 15% (depending on SPF)
Chemical (Organic) UV Filter
03Avobenzone (Chemical UV Filter)
INCI · Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane
What is avobenzone? Its role as a broad-spectrum UVA filter, the rationale for stabilisation and the profiles it may suit. A Klaris guide.
2% - 3% (in the context of formula and market regulations)
Organic UV Filter
04Octocrylene (Organic UV Filter)
INCI · Octocrylene
What is octocrylene? Its UVB filter and photostabiliser roles and its synergy with avobenzone. A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
2% - 10% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UV Filter
05Octinoxate (Organic UV Filter)
INCI · Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate
What is octinoxate (Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate), and what does it do? A sunscreen UVB filter, its photostability and use context in the Klaris guide.
2% - 10% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UV Filter
06Octisalate (Organic UV Filter)
INCI · Ethylhexyl Salicylate
What is octisalate (Ethylhexyl Salicylate), and what does it do? Its role as a UVB filter and filter solvent, and its use context in the Klaris guide.
2% - 5% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UV Filter
07Homosalate (Organic UV Filter)
INCI · Homosalate
What is homosalate, and how can its UVB filter and filter-solvent roles be assessed with restraint? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
Within conditions of use set by regulations
Organic UV Filter
08Oxybenzone (Benzophenone-3)
INCI · Benzophenone-3
What is Benzophenone-3 (oxybenzone)? Its UVB/UVA role and a measured reading of the regulatory and environmental discussion. A Klaris guide.
Within conditions of use set by regulations
Broad-Spectrum Organic Filter
09Tinosorb S (Broad-Spectrum Filter)
INCI · Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine
Tinosorb S (bemotrizinol) is an organic sunscreen filter that absorbs UVA and UVB. Its INCI name, photostability and limits of finished-product protection.
Depends on market regulation and the finished formula
Broad-Spectrum Hybrid Filter
10Tinosorb M (Hybrid Filter)
INCI · Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol
What is Tinosorb M (bisoctrizole), and why is it considered a hybrid filter working through absorption and reflection? A measured Klaris guide.
1% - 10% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UVA Filter
11Uvinul A Plus (UVA Filter)
INCI · Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate
What is Uvinul A Plus (DHHB), and why is it considered a photostable UVA alternative to avobenzone? A measured Klaris guide.
1% - 10% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UVB Filter
12Uvinul T 150 (UVB Filter)
INCI · Ethylhexyl Triazone
What is Ethylhexyl Triazone (Uvinul T 150), and why is it considered a highly efficient, photostable UVB filter? A Klaris guide.
1% - 5% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UVB Filter
13Iscotrizinol (UVB Filter)
INCI · Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone
What is Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (iscotrizinol), and why is it considered a photostable UVB filter? A measured Klaris ingredient guide.
1% - 10% (within conditions set by regulations)
Organic UVA Filter
14Mexoryl SX (UVA Filter)
INCI · Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid
What is Mexoryl SX (ecamsule), and what does it do? A water-soluble, photostable UVA filter, its formulation role and use context in the Klaris guide.
1% - 10% (within conditions set by regulations)
Broad-Spectrum Organic Filter
15Mexoryl XL (Broad-Spectrum Filter)
INCI · Drometrizole Trisiloxane
What is Mexoryl XL (Drometrizole Trisiloxane), and how is it assessed as an oil-soluble broad-spectrum filter? A measured Klaris guide.
1% - 15% (within conditions set by regulations)